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Record W4402701211 · doi:10.1159/000541553

Coronary Implications of COVID-19

2024· review· en· W4402701211 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueMedical Principles and Practice · 2024
Typereview
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Canadian institutionsSt. Michael's Hospital
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMedicineCardiologyInternal medicineMyocardial infarctionCoronary artery diseaseAcute coronary syndromeMyocarditisThrombosisHeart failureCoronary thrombosis

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection carry an increased risk of cardiovascular disease encompassing various implications, including acute myocardial injury or infarction, myocarditis, heart failure, and arrhythmias. A growing volume of evidence correlates SARS-CoV-2 infection with myocardial injury, exposing patients to higher mortality risk. SARS-CoV-2 attacks the coronary arterial bed with various mechanisms including thrombosis/rupture of preexisting atherosclerotic plaque, de novo coronary thrombosis, endotheliitis, microvascular dysfunction, vasculitis, vasospasm, and ectasia/aneurysm formation. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor plays pivotal role on the cardiovascular homeostasis and the unfolding of COVID-19. The activation of immune system, mediated by proinflammatory cytokines along with the dysregulation of the coagulation system, can pose an insult on the coronary artery, which usually manifests as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Electrocardiogram, echocardiography, cardiac biomarkers, and coronary angiography are essential tools to set the diagnosis. Revascularization is the first-line treatment in all patients with ACS and obstructed coronary arteries, whereas in type 2 myocardial infarction treatment of hypoxia, anemia and systemic inflammation are indicated. In patients presenting with coronary vasospasm, nitrates and calcium channel blockers are preferred, while treatment of coronary ectasia/aneurysm mandates the use of antiplatelets/anticoagulants, corticosteroids, immunoglobulin, and biologic agents. It is crucial to untangle the exact mechanisms of coronary involvement in COVID-19 in order to ensure timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. We have reviewed the current literature and provide a detailed overview of the pathophysiology and clinical spectrum associated with coronary implications of SARS-COV-2 infection. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection carry an increased risk of cardiovascular disease encompassing various implications, including acute myocardial injury or infarction, myocarditis, heart failure, and arrhythmias. A growing volume of evidence correlates SARS-CoV-2 infection with myocardial injury, exposing patients to higher mortality risk. SARS-CoV-2 attacks the coronary arterial bed with various mechanisms including thrombosis/rupture of preexisting atherosclerotic plaque, de novo coronary thrombosis, endotheliitis, microvascular dysfunction, vasculitis, vasospasm, and ectasia/aneurysm formation. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor plays pivotal role on the cardiovascular homeostasis and the unfolding of COVID-19. The activation of immune system, mediated by proinflammatory cytokines along with the dysregulation of the coagulation system, can pose an insult on the coronary artery, which usually manifests as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Electrocardiogram, echocardiography, cardiac biomarkers, and coronary angiography are essential tools to set the diagnosis. Revascularization is the first-line treatment in all patients with ACS and obstructed coronary arteries, whereas in type 2 myocardial infarction treatment of hypoxia, anemia and systemic inflammation are indicated. In patients presenting with coronary vasospasm, nitrates and calcium channel blockers are preferred, while treatment of coronary ectasia/aneurysm mandates the use of antiplatelets/anticoagulants, corticosteroids, immunoglobulin, and biologic agents. It is crucial to untangle the exact mechanisms of coronary involvement in COVID-19 in order to ensure timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. We have reviewed the current literature and provide a detailed overview of the pathophysiology and clinical spectrum associated with coronary implications of SARS-COV-2 infection.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.451
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.979
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0050.451
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0000.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.333
GPT teacher head0.594
Teacher spread0.261 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it