Effects of Shoe-Leather Cost on Consumer Cash Withdrawal Behavior
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper studies an empirical model of shoe-leather cost applied to consumer cash withdrawal. The unique feature is to estimate the effect of shoe-leather cost from the cash inventory model by filtering out free-type consumers who do not incur shoe-leather costs. When compared to the costly-type consumers, the free-type do not need to go out of their ways from home to visit banks to withdraw cash because they can economise their travel costs by combining withdrawals with other activities, such as, one-stop multi-purpose trip on either their ways to work or shopping. We find that the cash withdrawal frequency significantly decreases with the travel distance; otherwise the estimated shoe-leather cost without distinguishing between free- and costly-types is close to zero and insignificant. This finding suggests that in order to maintain cash accessibility, the policy need not only consider the supply of physical branch infrastructure, but also account for consumer’s travel pattern.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it