Reflective practice as a tool for teacher education: a comparison between individual and peer reflection of Iranian EFL teachers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although research on teacher reflection has substantially grown in the past decades, little is known about how reflection could be integrated in teacher education programs. The current study explored the potential of reflection as a tool for teacher education among Iranian EFL teachers through the use of individual and peer reflection. Data were collected before, during, and after the teacher education program from semi-structured interviews and reflective journals. The analysis of the data showed that while the teachers were not adequately familiar with the principles of reflection before the course, they gradually learned how to use the course content for their personal reflection and use in their classes in relation to their individual and peer reflection. After the course, the teachers showed great interest to be exposed to alternative teacher education programs and learned to situate their course learning within their own engagement in reflective practice. The study provides implications for teacher educators regarding how to include individual and peer reflection approaches in pre-service and in-service teacher education programs so that teachers could become more reflective in their teaching practices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.049 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".