Shear capacity of single- and double-layered gypsum board to steel stud screw connections in non-structural partitions
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gypsum steel-stud partition walls are composed of light-gauge, cold-formed steel studs and gypsum boards attached with self-drilling screws. These non-structural elements are commonly used in volumetric modular building structures serving as partitions or exterior walls. Volumetric modular building structures are prefabricated, prefinished constructions where three-dimensional units, known as modules, are built in a factory and then transported to the construction site where they are placed and interconnected. The volumetric modules experience different loading scenarios during handling and transportation. While the modules may be designed to resist transportation and handling loads structurally, damage to nonstructural elements, such as gypsum board to stud connections, can still occur even under lower amplitude excitations. These non-structural damages, if not avoided, will require additional on-site repairs, leading to an increase in the overall costs of modular projects. This study investigates the shear capacity and damage mechanisms of gypsum board to steel stud screw connections. A series of experimental tests are performed to determine the capacity of these connections varying with the number of gypsum board layers (one- or two-layer), fastener edge distance and direction of loading (parallel or perpendicular to the edge). Finally, an analytical formulation was proposed to estimate the shear capacity of these connections. Results indicate that the distance of fasteners to the gypsum board edges dramatically affects the behavior of these connections. The connection capacity at the damage state and the failure modes can fairly be predicted through the proposed analytical approach, showing a reasonable match with experimental results. • Shear capacity of the single- and double-layered GSCs is investigated. • Loading direction effect, parallel and perpendicular to gypsum edge, on GSC capacity. • Minimum edge distances are proposed for GSCs under different loading directions. • Analytical formulations are proposed for predicting the shear capacity of GSCs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it