A Wireless, Wearable Ultrasound for Assessing Left Ventricular Assist Device Hemodynamics: A Case Series
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Optimizing left ventricular assist device (LVAD)–patient interaction is important. This is typically accomplished via an outpatient ramp test, monitored by echocardiography and/or invasive measures. We have developed a wireless, wearable Doppler ultrasound that we hypothesized would detect relatively small (i.e., ± 5%) changes in LVAD pump speed (Rpm ∆ ) with the patient in the upright position. From the wearable ultrasound, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), total velocity time integral (VTI), Doppler pulsatility index, and the internal jugular vein spectrum were synchronously captured. Rpm ∆ was best reflected in the EDV and Doppler pulsatility index, whereas the PSV and total VTI showed variable responses. The internal jugular spectrum of one patient was consistent with high central venous pressure throughout the procedure. A wireless, wearable Doppler ultrasound synchronously insonating the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein provides novel and promising insights during LVAD Rpm ∆ .
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it