Performing, contesting, and resisting internal bordering of refugee rights in Costa Rica
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract While Costa Rica has witnessed an increase in refugee claimants, its policy responses have not been sufficiently studied. This article begins to fill this gap by documenting and analyzing the treatment of displaced people in search of protection in this country. Based on the fieldwork conducted in 2023 with refugee claimants and representatives from NGOs and international organizations, combined with the analysis of media coverage, reports, and available official statistics, the article analyzes the impact of Costa Rica’s internal bordering measures and practices on asylum seekers. As documented in the article, refugee claimants find themselves in an ‘eternal’ wait, lacking access to jobs and social protections, and pressured to abandon their claims. The article also highlights the dynamics of resistance and negotiation among various actors and nonperformance of internal bordering practices by state officials. We conclude that internal refugee bordering is a complex, inconsistent, and contradictory process reflective of tensions between hospitality and hostility toward displaced people in search of protection.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it