Orientation-dependent lattice rotation and phase transformation in an additively manufactured high-entropy alloy
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
• Grain rotation paths are revealed for the first time in a high-entropy alloy. • A new lattice reorientation factor is defined to predict the grain rotation paths. • A new criterion is proposed to identify grains exhibiting FCC→HCP transformation. • The newly defined factors can also be presented in the form of pole figures. • Lattice rotation induced grain coalescence is linked to misorientation angles. The rapidly increasing scientific interest in 3D-printed high-entropy alloys (HEAs) necessitates the understanding of their deformation mechanisms. Here, we present the grain rotation behavior of a nearly equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi HEA fabricated with laser-beam powder bed fusion via quasi in-situ electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) observations during compressive deformation. The rotation paths of grains can be predicted via a new lattice reorientation factor ( m A ), defined as the average of primary and secondary slip Schmid factors. The grains that initially have their <111> directions oriented close to the loading direction with low-to-intermediate m A values tend to rotate towards the <101> pole. The grains oriented in the center of inverse pole figures with high m A values develop multiple rotation paths pointing away from the <001> pole. The cube-oriented grains with their <001> directions close to the loading direction undergo face-centered cubic (FCC)-to-hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase transformation due to the activation of octahedral slip involving multiple slip systems. This transformation can be well elucidated via a modified parameter, defined as the average of four maximum Schmid factors on each of four {111} slip/twinning planes in FCC crystals. The findings provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms for deformation-induced grain rotation and phase transformation and help pave the way for developing advanced HEAs via transformation-induced plasticity.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it