From open fields to inside worlds: three generations of childhood in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores how childhood experiences in urban Indonesia have changed across three generations, aiming to understand how these different cohorts have navigated and adapted to their environments amidst continuous urban and social transformations. Focusing on Yogyakarta – a city marked by a unique blend of tradition and modernity – we explore how changes in the urban fabric and socio-economic circumstances have affected children’s play, socialisation and mobility and their agency in navigating their urban environments. Drawing from in-depth interviews with 12 three-generation families, our findings reveal generational shifts in play patterns, from the communal and outdoor activities that grandparents enjoyed as children, to the increasingly supervised and indoor play of today’s children. Growing concerns over traffic congestion and changing social norms have restricted children’s mobility and access to outdoor play spaces, prompting calls from participants for urban spaces that support less structured and more socially enriching play opportunities. Despite such changes, the importance of religious practices and community engagement were found to be constants in shaping children’s daily lives across generations. This study thus deepens understanding of the roles of cultural and religious practices in shaping urban childhood experiences and contributes to the relatively sparse literature on children’s geographies in Asia.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it