A Novel U-Net Based CNN Algorithm for High-Accuracy Weather Forecasting
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accurate weather forecasting is essential for sectors like agriculture, aviation, and disaster management. However, deep learning algorithms face challenges in prediction accuracy due to issues like vanishing gradients, overfitting, and high computational demands. This research proposes a novel U-Net based architecture utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) bottleneck layer to improve weather forecasting. Key features include a skip-connection mechanism, modified weight update rules, Gaussian-mutation operations, and the Adam optimizer for enhanced feature extraction and faster, more accurate predictions. The model was tested using precipitation data from Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) Chennai Radar and weather parameters from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). A dedicated GeoServer facilitates realtime data processing. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm achieves 97.5% accuracy, outperforming CNN and long short-term memory (LSTM) models by 5.84% and 2.41%, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".