Cooperation in assembly systems with supply risks
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Interdependence among supply chain members increases their vulnerability to supply risks. This study explores the optimal decisions of supply chain members and their interactions within an unreliable assembly system facing supply risks. The assembler purchases complementary components from suppliers to assemble them into a final product, which requires exactly one unit of each component. First, we examine how the stochasticity and severity of supply risks influence the proactive and reactive decisions of assembly system members. We then analyze the interaction between upstream cooperation and supply risks. Our results show that the assembler’s response varies depending on the severity of the observed supply risk, including maintaining the status quo, increasing the selling price, or increasing orders from the emergency source. Furthermore, potential supply risks can break down the one-to-one correspondence between complementary components. Our findings suggest that when potential supply risks are stochastically lower, suppliers lose their incentive to cooperate. The realized value of cooperation depends heavily on the observed supply risk and may even become negative if inappropriate wholesale prices are negotiated, making it a double-edged sword in the context of unreliable assembly systems. Therefore, upstream suppliers must carefully evaluate cooperation and price negotiations before committing to such agreements.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it