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Record W4407771524 · doi:10.1145/3641554.3701809

How Effective and Efficient are Student-Written Software Tests?

2025· article· en· W4407771524 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicSoftware Testing and Debugging Techniques
Canadian institutionsOntario Tech University
FundersUniversitas Brawijaya
KeywordsComputer scienceSoftware testingSoftwareSoftware engineeringProgramming language

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Many computer science students complete their undergraduate degrees with insufficient testing skills and knowledge. To understand the gaps in students' testing skills and knowledge, we analyzed 1014 software tests written by 12 groups in an undergraduate Software Quality Assurance (SQA) course project. In the project the student groups were provided a requirements document and were instructed to follow Test Driven Development (TDD) practices using black-box tests. To understand how the groups applied black-box testing in their project, we created an automatic tool to sort the tests into categories or "test buckets." By analyzing the test bucket data, we were able to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of student-written tests. We observed that the student groups were significantly more likely to test for explicit requirements than implicit requirements and significantly more likely to test happy paths than invalid inputs. Furthermore, students inefficiently tested happy paths, invalid inputs and explicit requirements resulting in a higher proportion of software tests with duplicate intent. Based on these results we provide insights into how black-box test education can be improved.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.771
Threshold uncertainty score0.492

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.266
Teacher spread0.258 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it