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Record W4408300423 · doi:10.3758/s13428-025-02623-4

The role of individual differences and attitude in willingness to participate in TMS studies

2025· article· en· W4408300423 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueBehavior Research Methods · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldNeuroscience
TopicTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersTrent UniversityNottingham Trent University
KeywordsTranscranial magnetic stimulationPsychologyContext (archaeology)Perspective (graphical)Applied psychologySocial psychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Finding neurophysiological research participants can be challenging, especially when the technology used in the research study is less known, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Despite this well-known phenomenon, there is limited literature investigating the factors involved in willingness to participate and perceived barriers from the potential participants' perspective. This paper explored the relationship between individual differences, attitudes toward TMS, and willingness to participate in TMS research alongside perceived barriers to participation and concerns when considering participating. The findings suggest that participants who had more positive attitudes towards TMS were more willing to participate. Participants frequently reported being concerned about safety, including risks and side effects. For barriers in terms of safety parameters, the number of participants who were eligible based on their TMS safety screening questionnaire was low, particularly for older adults. These findings are discussed in the context of the literature, and practical guidelines are provided for researchers looking to plan TMS recruitment.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.004
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.415
Threshold uncertainty score0.538

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.004
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.550
GPT teacher head0.642
Teacher spread0.092 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it