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Record W4408394864 · doi:10.15353/whr.v11.6410

Disentangling Moral from Morale: Attempted Suicides in the Canadian Army, 1943–1944

2025· article· en· W4408394864 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueWaterloo Historical Review · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicAmerican Political and Social Dynamics
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMoral injuryCriminologyPsychologyPolitical scienceSocial psychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The following is the story of two men. Two men stationed at the same military training camp in Petawawa, Ontario. Two men who both held one of the lowest ranks in the Canadian Army as gunners during the Second World War. Two men who were both charged with attempted suicide. Two men who had similar cases but vastly different outcomes. The story of these two men, while small and perhaps seemingly inconsequential, illuminates the military structures that were guided by the efforts of the Army to maintain morale through strict discipline that reinforced the moral code that soldiers were expected to follow. Their stories teach us about masculinity, military life, military justice, family, and lastly, suicide and the way it has been defined and understood as a threat to the military establishment which identified suicide as a social contagion early in the development of military law. Those considered carriers of this social contagion, as we will see in the cases of John Lauzon and Albert Mulligan, were secluded, manipulated, silenced, punished, or stripped of legitimacy altogether.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.876
Threshold uncertainty score0.865

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.039
GPT teacher head0.258
Teacher spread0.219 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it