Do Local Norms Affect Women Ex-Combatants Reintegration in the Postwar Era?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper examines local gender norms and their effects on the reintegration of women ex-combatants after they returned from active conflict in Nepal. The paper points out specific local gender norms that affect women ex-combatants in a particular way. Further, the paper argues how these local norms shape and reshape women’s postwar lives and gender roles. The paper’s findings demonstrate that local gender norms associated with women’s appearance, morality, dress, appropriateness, and behavior affected women’s reintegration in a particular way compared to male combatants. It also argues that the empowerment of women ex-combatants was largely restricted to the wartime period. Women were pressured to adhere to traditional gender norms in postwar times. The study’s findings are based on forty-one qualitative interviews and four focus-group discussions with Nepali Maoist women ex-combatants. The paper contributes to the fields of DDR, local norms, feminist security studies, peace and conflict studies, and feminist international relations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".