Effects of foliar-applied L-glutamic acid on the diurnal variations of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in hawthorn ( <i>Crataegus pinnatifida</i> Bge.)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Diurnal variations of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) parameters were measured in hawthorn ( Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.) six days after foliar application of L-glutamic acid (Glu) (0, 200, 400 and 800 mg L -1 ) that possibly affect flavonoids metabolite. The net photosynthetic rate (A n ), carboxylation efficiency (CE), maximum carboxylation velocity of Rubisco (V cmax ), chlorophyll (Chl) content and stomatal limitation (L s ) were higher in 800 mg L -1 exogenous glutamic acid treatment than in control. The application of 800 mg L -1 Glu always resulted in a higher A n , particularly at noon. Although a midday depression in A n occurred in all the treatments, the depression was less obvious in the 800 mg L -1 Glu treatment when compared to the control. The electron transport per active reaction centre (ET 0 /RC) was similar in all the treatments and the control, but the maximal fluorescence level (F m ), the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (F v /F m ), the potential quantum yield of PSII (F v /F o ), the maximal quantum yield of PSII after dark adaptation (Φ Pο ), as well as the probability that an absorbed photon will move an electron into the electron transport chain beyond Q A (Φ εο ) were significantly higher than the control with the application of 800 mg L -1 Glu. A 800 mg L -1 Glu application enhanced energy absorption per active reaction centre (ABS/RC) and energy trapping per active reaction centre (TR 0 /RC) of PSII, which, consequently, increased energy transformation and electron conversion efficiency and decreased energy dissipation per active reaction centre (DI 0 /RC). These findings suggest that the application of Glu could improve photosynthetic efficiency and the energy capture of antenna pigments for photochemical electron transport, as well as reduce photoinhibition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".