Impact of Depression on Health-Related Quality of Life in Ulcerative Colitis Patients—Are We Doing Enough? A Single Tertiary Center Experience
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) significantly impacts patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aimed to evaluate HRQOL and the factors affecting it, and the prevalence of anxiety, depression and alexythimia in patients with UC. This cross-sectional study included 248 UC patients (21 with proctitis, 63 with left-sided UC and 164 with extensive colitis). Data were collected using standardized self-administered questionnaires [a socio-demographic questionnaire, General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ)]. Clinical data on remission status, extraintestinal manifestations, comorbidities and the use of advanced therapies were also collected. Hierarchical regression analysis of variables predicting SIBDQ score was done. Clinical and laboratory remission was present in 95.6% of the patients. The prevalences of depression, anxiety and alexithymia were 44.7%, 34.3% and 30.2%, respectively. There were no differences in the PHQ-9, GAD-7 and TAS-20 scores in relation to remission status. The average SIBDQ score was 56.5. The patients in remission reported better SIBDQ scores compared to the symptomatic patients (p = 0.002). The hierarchical regression analysis showed that remission of disease and a higher depression score influenced HRQOL in the UC patients. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and alexithymia in the UC patients was high. Remission of disease and a high depression score were the main factors related to HRQOL.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".