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Record W4409691806 · doi:10.5430/wjel.v15n5p401

E-learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Voices of King Khalid University EFL Students

2025· article· en· W4409691806 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueWorld Journal of English Language · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicEducation and Communication Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)PandemicSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)2019-20 coronavirus outbreakComputer scienceVirologyMathematics educationPsychologyMedicineInfectious disease (medical specialty)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This study reveals the perceptions of Saudi EFL students towards e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study has particularly focused on EFL students at King Khalid University as typical across the country. It is found that Saudi EFL students have high perceptions (positive opinions) of e-learning during the pandemic by using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The students consider e-learning as a valuable tool for student interaction and motivation that allows a wide range of language learning sources, and it helps students to overcome their shyness and challenges they have experienced. They could learn in a relaxed, stress-free environment. However, major challenges to e-learning have been reported by Saudi EFL students, such as the large number of students on the platforms connected, connectivity problems, insufficient time allocated for online quizzes and exams, and a lack of technical skills. Based on these findings, the study recommends training of EFL students through e-learning platforms, providing them with the necessary devices and Internet connections, and engagingly designing online materials. These insights can be useful for teachers and academic institutions to design learning where the good aspects of e-learning can be retained and the challenges can be overcome.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.662
Threshold uncertainty score0.496

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.029
GPT teacher head0.370
Teacher spread0.341 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it