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Record W4410042700 · doi:10.1080/02681102.2025.2498924

Digitalization and dignity: digital driving in Kenya

2025· article· en· W4410042700 on OpenAlexfundno aff
Julie Zollmann

Bibliographic record

VenueInformation Technology for Development · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicDigital Economy and Work Transformation
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersMastercard Foundation
KeywordsDignityBusinessPolitical scienceInternet privacyComputer securityComputer scienceLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

As digitally-mediated work grows worldwide, development scholars and practitioners are raising questions about the quality of these new forms of work. This article explores the subjective dignity experiences of digital drivers in Kenya drawing on both a survey and in-depth qualitative interviews. In spite of material indignities, a majority of drivers in 2019 considered their work dignified, particularly relative to counterfactual work opportunities in their highly informal context. This article demonstrates the ways that digitalization itself has been central to shaping a more dignified subjective work experience. Digitalization imposes dignifying rules and order, breaks down socioeconomic barriers through digital matchmaking, and to some extent democratizes opportunities for social mobility. However, dignity gains from digitalization can be undermined by failures of app companies to maintain sufficient rule enforcement and to ensure material dignity through adequate pay. In contexts of existing high informality, platform work can feel for workers like a step towards dignifying formality rather than a slide away from it.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.024
Threshold uncertainty score0.047

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0100.007
Scholarly communication0.0030.004
Open science0.0000.004
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0040.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.248
Teacher spread0.241 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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