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Record W4410193521 · doi:10.19173/irrodl.v26i2.8119

Self-Regulated Learning in the Digital Age: A Systematic Review of Strategies, Technologies, Benefits, and Challenges

2025· review· en· W4410193521 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueThe International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning · 2025
Typereview
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicInnovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersUniversitas Multimedia Nusantara
KeywordsEducational technologyComputer scienceSelf-regulated learningElectronic learningMultimediaPsychologyMathematics education

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

When students enter higher education, self-regulated learning (SRL) involving goal setting, planning, monitoring, and reflection is crucial for academic success. This study systematically reviews SRL strategies, supporting technologies, and their impacts, especially with the shift to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Following Kitchenham’s guidelines, 121 articles from ScienceDirect and Scopus were reviewed. Key SRL strategies include goal setting, cognitive and metacognitive processes, time management, self-reflection, help-seeking, and monitoring. Technologies such as learning management systems (LMS), massive open online courses (MOOCs), artificial intelligence (AI), collaborative platforms, and learning analytics support SRL by providing personalized feedback and facilitating autonomous learning. Benefits include improved performance, motivation, and engagement, while challenges involve limited access to digital resources, technical issues, resistance to change, and inadequate instructor training. Addressing these barriers is essential for optimizing SRL implementation, guiding future research and educational practice.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.034
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.019
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Research integrity
Consensus categoriesMetaresearch
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Systematic review · Consensus signal: Systematic review
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.353
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0340.019
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0030.001
Research integrity0.0000.004
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.198
GPT teacher head0.506
Teacher spread0.307 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it