The phylogeny and systematics of the Costellariidae (Caenogastropoda: Turbinelloidea) revisited
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The marine neogastropod family Costellariidae constitutes a large radiation encompassing 647 living species, widely distributed in tropical seas, with their highest diversity in the Central Indo-Pacific. The systematics of the family has undergone profound changes in the mid-2010s, when relationships within Costellariidae were critically revised based on molecular (multilocus) data from 80 species. Whereas four new genera were described, and two more transferred to Costellariidae from Ptychatractidae, relationships of some key lineages could not be resolved due to the incomplete taxonomic and geographic coverage. In the present study we combine an analysis of an extensive DNA-barcoding dataset with phylogenomics to propose a robust new phylogenetic hypothesis and revise the genus-level systematics of the family. Species delimitation was performed for a Cox1 dataset of 1475 specimens, which revealed 221 secondary species hypotheses (SSHs). The phylogeny was reconstructed from a 1003 loci dataset for 70 species representing all but two of the revealed major costellariid lineages. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) arrived at nearly identical topologies with full support for all backbone nodes but one, providing a robust framework for a new classification. We treat Turricostellaria as a synonym of Tosapusia. Further, based on a re-evaluation of the identity of the type species of Pusia , we conclude that the name should be applied to a Caribbean lineage, previously treated as a part of Vexillum . Consequently, the Indo-Pacific species of Pusia (Pusia ) are here reassigned to a new genus Eupusia , and two other subgenera, Ebenomitra and Vexillena , are raised to full genera. Eight further new genera are described based on phylogenomics: Bathythala , Canaripusia and Caribbonus from the Caribbean in deep water, Pilgrivexillum , Pacifilux , Ponderiola and Cernohorskyola from the Central and southern Indo-Pacific, and Kilburniola from the south-western Indian Ocean. From a total of 25 SSHs corresponding to undescribed species, 23 are described herein in the genera Austromitra (1), Bathythala (1), Canaripusia (1), Caribbonus (3), Costapex (4), Eupusia (1), Kilburniola (1), Pilgrivexillum (1), Pusia (2), Thala (1), Tosapusia (1) and Vexillum (6). ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0791EF1F-7F77-4F02-A447-40798388C7FE.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".