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Shaping Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Model: International and Domestic Experience

2025· article· en· W4411995879 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueLegal Issues in the Digital Age · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicDigital Transformation in Law
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPsychologyArtificial intelligenceComputer science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The article contains an analysis of AI regulatory models in Russia and other countries. The authors discuss key regulatory trends, principles and mechanisms with a special focus on balancing the incentives for technological development and the minimization of AI-related risks. The attention is centered on three principal approaches: “soft law”, experimental legal regimes (ELR) and technical regulation. The methodology of research covers a comparative legal analysis of AI-related strategic documents and legislative initiatives such as the national strategies approved by the U.S., China, India, United Kingdom, Germany and Canada, as well as regulations and codes of conduct. The authors also explore domestic experience including the 2030 National AI Development Strategy and the AI Code of Conduct as well as the use of ELR under the Federal Law “On Experimental Legal Regimes for Digital Innovation in the Russian Federation”. The main conclusions can be summed up as follows. A vast majority of countries including Russian Federation has opted for “soft law” (codes of conduct, declarations) that provides a flexible regulation by avoiding excessive administrative barriers. Experimental legal regimes are crucial for validating AI applications by allowing to test technologies in a controlled environment. In Russia ELR are widely used in transportation, health and logistics. Technical regulation including standardization is helpful to foster security and confidence in AI. The article notes widespread development of national and international standards in this field. Special regulation (along the lines of the European Union AI Act) still has not become widespread. A draft law based on the risk-oriented approach is currently discussed in Russia. The authors of the article argue for the gradual, iterative development of legal framework for AI to avoid rigid regulatory barriers emerging too prematurely. They also note the importance of international cooperation and adaptation of the best practices to shape an efficient regulatory system.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.721
Threshold uncertainty score0.815

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.052
GPT teacher head0.297
Teacher spread0.246 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it