We are Each Other’s Democracy: The Emergence of New Political Subjectivities and Solidarities during the Anti-Martial Law Protests in South Korea
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Against former President Yoon Suk-yeol’s sudden declaration of martial law in December 2024, South Korean citizens organized “light stick protests,” which signify the wide involvement of a younger generation and their embrace of K-pop culture as a medium for political expression. This analysis concerns how young women in their twenties and thirties formed new political subjectivies and how they emerged as a central node for intersectional solidarity of diverse marginalized groups, including queer citizens, people with disabilities, precarious workers, and aging farmers. To address these questions, this study examines the political dynamics that undergirded the formation of new political actors and the diversified arenas of communications and associations that connected them, inter-generationally and inter-sectionally. This analysis shows that diverse new political subjectivities and solidarities emerged as a collective critique of the dominant order of masculine power, heteronormativity, and neoliberal illiberalism, which South Korea’s democracy has consistently failed to address during its process of democratic backsliding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".