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Record W4412957949 · doi:10.1080/14767333.2025.2542124

Shadow facilitation: creating conditions for facilitator reflection and action in critical action learning

2025· article· en· W4412957949 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueAction Learning Research and Practice · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicOrganizational Learning and Leadership
Canadian institutionsImpact
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAction learningFacilitatorFacilitationShadow (psychology)Action (physics)Reflection (computer programming)Critical reflectionExperiential learningPsychologySociologySocial psychologyComputer sciencePedagogyCooperative learningTeaching methodPsychoanalysisPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Critical Action Learning (CAL) involves a deliberate choice to engage with emotions and power relations generated by people’s attempts to learn. This choice recognizes that there are likely to be implicit limits to learning in organizations, especially where such learning starts to undermine established ways of thinking and working. One way to manage the demands of engaging with underlying emotions and power relations is to utilize shadow facilitation as a method for facilitator reflection and action. Shadow facilitation is the process through which CAL facilitators work with an experienced, independent other to reflect on their interventions within an action learning set. The role of the shadow facilitator is to listen for the emotions and power relations that emerge from reflection and to offer them back as information to support the facilitation of organizing insight. In this paper we present and illustrate the main ideas that inform shadow facilitation and reflect on the possibilities and limitations of this method for generating organizing insight. We argue that the value of shadow facilitation is that it helps CAL facilitators to work directly on the intense emotions and complex power relations embedded in and evoked by the facilitation role.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.051
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Science and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.738
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.051
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0020.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.003
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.266
GPT teacher head0.501
Teacher spread0.235 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it