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Record W4413368722 · doi:10.3389/fpos.2025.1584988

Mineral diplomacy in Greenland: learning from US-European history of engagement at the Ivittuut cryolite mine

2025· article· en· W4413368722 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueFrontiers in Political Science · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicArctic and Russian Policy Studies
Canadian institutionsUnited Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health
FundersNational Science Foundation
KeywordsCryoliteDiplomacyNorwegianMineralGeologyGeochemistryArchaeologyOceanographyHistoryPolitical scienceChemistryPolitics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Growing extractive and geopolitical interest in Greenland is leading to a confluence of threats and opportunities for communities in determining their future economic development pathways. This paper investigates the diplomatic history of the Ivittuut cryolite mine in Southwest Greenland as part of a larger participatory mapping project focused on interviewing stakeholders in the Arsuk fjord on future development pathways in the Ivittuut region. Ivittuut was a key strategic outpost supporting U.S and European cooperation during World War II. In particular, we define the political process of mineral diplomacy and how cryolite was at the heart of US-European diplomacy in Greenland and how minerals could potentially again be a source of cooperation rather than conflict. Greenland can be a frontline for mineral diplomacy, bridging interests between Europe and the US but key to moving forward with such a process requires critical reflection of who was excluded and included in previous mining engagements. Mineral diplomacy today often reflects colonial extractive pressures and military strategic interests, but we argue that political geology frameworks must be included to ensure that mineral diplomacy processes foster long-term sustainable mineral investment while ensuring local communities and Greenlandic values are protected and included in throughout the process.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.577
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.005
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.024
GPT teacher head0.303
Teacher spread0.280 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it