Bibliographic record
Abstract
Diabetes is a major global health challenge, contributing to increased mortality and long-term complications worldwide. Early diagnosis and effective risk stratification are critical to reducing the disease burden. This research aims to evaluate and compare the predictive performance of five machine learning (ML) models—Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)—using the Pima Indians Diabetes Dataset. A standardized experimental workflow involving data preprocessing, missing value imputation, feature scaling, model training was applied. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to evaluate model outcomes. Among the models tested, Gradient Boosting achieved the highest accuracy (75.97%), whereas Random Forest attained the highest AUC (0.833), indicating its superior classification capability. These results demonstrate that Random Forest model, offers a promising and practical approach for implementing robust diabetes risk prediction tools in clinical or public health contexts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".