Age-of-Information Minimization With Weight Limits for Semi-Asynchronous Online Distributed Optimization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We consider online distributed optimization where a server and multiple devices collaborate to minimize a sequence of time-varying global loss functions. To accommodate slow devices that may require multiple time slots to compute their local decisions, the server uses semi-asynchronous aggregation of the local decisions, which complicates device scheduling and performance optimization. In this work, we first analyze the convergence of semi-asynchronous aggregation in the presence of time-varying local update delays and loss-function weights. Our analysis leads to an online scheduling problem to minimize the accumulated age of information on the local decision updates, subject to individual long-term constraints on the total weights of the scheduled devices. We then design an efficient scheduling policy, termed Age-of-Information Minimization with Weight Limits (AIMWeL), through a modified Lyapunov optimization approach that uses the weighted sum of linear age-of-information values and quadratic virtual queues as a new Lyapunov function. We show that AIMWeL has bounded optimality ratio, via a novel double relaxation approach to handle the unique scheduling-dependent communication indicator with time-varying probabilities of completing local decision update caused by semi-asynchronous aggregation. When AIMWeL is applied to semi-asynchronous federated learning, our simulation results based on standard image classification datasets demonstrate that AIMWeL uses significantly less time to reach the same classification accuracy achieved by the current best alternatives for both convex logistic regression and non-convex convolutional neural networks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".