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Record W4413867647 · doi:10.54648/cola2025079

Editorial Comments: ReArm Europe/Readiness 2030: European defence in times of war

2025· editorial· en· W4413867647 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueCommon Market Law Review · 2025
Typeeditorial
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicDefense, Military, and Policy Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPolitical scienceEconomic historyHistory

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

On 6 June 1944 -D-Day -Allied forces landed more than 150,000 troops on five beaches in Normandy in the North of France in what was the largest naval, air and land operation in history.D-Day was the result of an unprecedented cooperation between international armed forces: the Allied forces consisted primarily of American, British and Canadian troops, but also included Australian, Belgian, Czech, Dutch, French, Greek, New Zealand, Norwegian, Rhodesian and Polish support.The invasion did not bring an immediate end to the war in Europe, but it marked the beginning of a campaign through which victory was ultimately achieved and peace was finally restored.Anno 2025, Europe is already in its third year of war again.The European Union is facing one of the most serious crises of its existence.The primary goal of European integration after World War II was to create lasting peace among its members.This objective has been achieved remarkably well: war between EU Member States has become both legally impossible as well as realistically unthinkable.The award of the 2012 Nobel Peace prize to the EU, which had 'for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace, reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe', bears small testimony to this. 1 However, Russia's aggression against Ukraine has returned full-blown conventional warfare to the European continent and exposed the fragility of peace.On 24 February 2022, Europe woke up to the painful reality that it takes two to maintain peace, but only one to start a war.What is more, the hostilities in Ukraine have demonstrated that a Russian attack on an EU country in the foreseeable future is not inconceivable. 2 The EU's security environment is thus again in jeopardy.And as if that was not bad news enough, since the re-election of Donald Trump as President of the United States, US support for transatlantic relations has been wavering.The NATO security umbrella notwithstanding, President Trump has hinted several timeseven during his first term in office between 2016

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Editorial · Consensus signal: Editorial
Teacher disagreement score0.355
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.003
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0030.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.022
GPT teacher head0.271
Teacher spread0.249 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it