PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PHYTOCHEMICAL & ANTIOXIDANT CHARACTERIZATION OF CASCABELA THEVETIA L. IN CONTAMINATED SOIL AND GARDEN SOIL
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The poisonous plant Cascabela thevetia L., also known as Thevetia peruviana, is native to Mexico and Central America and is commonly grown as an ornamental plant. Around the world, T. peruviana frequently causes toxicological emergencies in tropical and subtropical regions use its huge seed, which resembles a "Chinese lucky nut," is encased in a deep red-black fruit. In India, its ability to withstand drought and high temperatures, it can be found in many Indian states with semi-arid climates, including Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, and Assam. In India, its bright yellow blossoms are worshipped by Hindu followers for religious purposes. The aim of the present study was to determine the total phenol, tannin and flavonoid content in leaf, stem parts of Cascabela thevetia L. in methanol and distilled water extract by spectrophotometric method. Saponin, tannin, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside alkaloid and phenolic chemicals were detected by phytochemical analysis, using standard gallic acid, tannic acid and Quercetin as the marker point’s, the total phenol, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid content of the plant in various extracts was determined. The high concentration of phenol was found in methanolic stem extract collected from Fresh garden site, and Pirana dump site was (4.79±0.485) mg/GAE and (4.73±0.468) mg/GAE sample. The presence of such metabolites indicates therapeutic importance of plant. The anti-oxidant assay such as DPPH determines the reducing agent which is present in plant. The conservation and appropriate use of soil and water are two essential resources and life-sustaining elements for plant growth. Numerous physiochemical characteristics, such as pH, TDS test, Dissolved oxygen test, total hardness and calcium hardness of soil and water, affect how well plants absorb it.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".