A unified vertical alignment and earthwork model in road design with a new convex optimization model for road networks
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The vertical alignment optimization problem in road design seeks the optimal vertical alignment of a road at minimal cost, taking into account earthwork while meeting all safety and design requirements. In recent years, modelling techniques have been advanced to incorporate side slopes, multiple material types, multiple hauling types and road networks. However, the advancements were created disjointly with implementations that only made a single advancement to the basic model. This article presents a mixed-integer linear programming optimization model that unifies all previous advancements. The model further improves on previous work by maintaining convexity even in a multi-material setting. The new model is compared with previous models, validated numerically, and its capability is demonstrated in approximating material volumes. The new model performs particularly well for determining the optimal vertical alignment of large road networks.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it