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Record W4414302654 · doi:10.1080/10496491.2025.2560414

Who Are Canada’s Green Consumers? A Corporate Social Responsibility-Driven Typology

2025· article· en· W4414302654 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Promotion Management · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicEnvironmental Sustainability in Business
Canadian institutionsUniversité du Québec à MontréalUniversité du Québec à Rimouski
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTypologyCorporate social responsibilityCorporate governanceCorporate communicationWork (physics)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

As consumers become more socially responsible, companies are increasingly compelled to strengthen their green marketing strategies. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) serves as an essential promotional tool to engage consumers and enhance brand image. Research on consumer responses to CSR initiatives remains limited despite their importance, which hinders a full understanding of the complexities of modern green-consumer behavior and the design of effective promotional strategies. This study uses cluster analysis to develop a CSR-driven consumer typology for Canada. Based on an online survey of 602 respondents, it identifies three consumer segments: indifferent, eco-conscious, and skeptical consumers. This study examines both sociodemographic and behavioral factors to profile these groups and finds that behavioral factors—loyalty, word of mouth, brand equity, and purchase intention—are more effective than demographic variables in characterizing modern green consumers. It proposes a new typology approach that expands socially responsible consumption beyond environmental concerns to include both environmental and social dimensions through CSR. This broader perspective enables companies to better align their CSR practices with consumers’ needs. These findings offer practical insights and suggest that developing CSR-based promotional strategies tailored to different consumer segments can enhance the impact of CSR initiatives, improve consumer engagement, and strengthen brand relationships.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.136
Threshold uncertainty score0.994

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.021
GPT teacher head0.239
Teacher spread0.218 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it