Rail profile design optimisation for a broad-gauge heavy haul line
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Increasing axle loads and speeds in heavy-haul railway systems have intensified rail and wheel damage, leading to elevated maintenance costs and reduced operational efficiency. A promising solution to this issue without compromising service demands is enhancing wheel – rail interaction through optimisation of rail profiles. This study introduces a rail profile optimisation framework tailored for a broad-gauge heavy-haul network experiencing excessive rail wear, utilising Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The framework is designed to minimise wear and rolling contact fatigue (RCF) while maintaining satisfactory and safe vehicle dynamic performance. The framework includes optimisation of both high and low rail profiles for sharp and mild curves, as well as optimisation of two rail profiles for tangent track to improve contact point distribution and reduce hollow wear. The optimisation process is based on in-service profiles to ensure practical grindability and incorporates multi-body simulations (MBS) to assess wheel and rail damage as well as vehicle dynamic behaviour. The results indicate that the optimised profiles substantially reduce wear and RCF across various track sections. Furthermore, long-term wear and RCF evaluation of rail profiles on sharp and mild curves confirm the superior performance of optimised profiles, thereby validating their potential for integration into maintenance practices.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it