Improvement of psychological adjustment and pain reduction in fibromyalgia after a qigong training program
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Qigong is a traditional Chinese psychosomatic exercise that has been reported to induce remarkable physical and psychological benefits. However, qigong has rarely been studied in fibromyalgia, and the effects of Taoist qigong on the psychological adjustment and pain reduction of individuals with this syndrome are unknown. Since the treatment of fibromyalgia remains a serious challenge, shedding light on the possible therapeutic action of Taoist qigong in these individuals is essential. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore whether this method of qigong could improve psychological adjustment and reduce pain in fibromyalgia individuals after a short period of training. Methods: Forty-two individuals with fibromyalgia participated in the study, 18 of whom were allocated to the experimental group and 24 to the control group. The experimental subjects were submitted to a 4-week Taoist qigong training program. To assess psychological adjustment and pain, several instruments were employed before and after the experiment concluded. The questionnaires used were the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS), the Negative and Positive Affect Scale (NAPAS), the Spanish Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (S-FIQ), and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). ANCOVA was used as statistical analysis. Results: The experimental group displayed significant improvements in anxiety, stress, and distress, as well as in mental health problems. Likewise, a significant reduction in negative affect and the affective component of pain was also observed. No changes were found in the rest of the variables. Conclusion: The practice of Taoist qigong for a short period of one month induced a noteworthy improvement in psychological adjustment, including a reduction in a specific component of pain, in individuals with fibromyalgia. Qigong, therefore, appears to be an effective therapeutic tool for this complex syndrome.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".