Recent Discoveries and Some Thoughts on Early Urbanization at Anyang
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The study of earliest cities and civilizations has been one of the dominant subjects of archaeological research in China. Anyang is a modern city in the northern Henan panhandle where two of the earliest cities developed in early Bronze Age China. These two urban sites are named Yinxu and Huanbei. This chapter discusses some recent discoveries in Anyang, followed by some thoughts concerning the nature of the Shang cities and the material and social processes of early urbanization, particularly at Yinxu. The chapter talks about the walled area of the Huanbei site and the spatially segregated lineage-based cemeteries at Yinxu. Archaeological and epigraphic data suggest that the zi prince lineages resided within the so-called “palace-temple district” and had their own neighborhoods where they lived their lives and buried their dead. Burials have an extensive distribution beyond the palace-temple district at Xiaotun.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".