Changes in environmental conditions and the population dynamics of Calanus finmarchicus in the Labrador Sea (1990-2006)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.A suite of physical, chemical and biological variables are measured at stations along a section across the Labrador Sea between southern Labrador and southern Greenland once a year by scientists from the Bedford Institute of Oceanography. Satellite images of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll provide extended coverage over space and time. From 1990 until 2006 near-surface temperatures increased by about 1°C. Over the same period nitrate concentrations in the central basin increased, while silicate concentrations decreased. Total inorganic carbon concentrations, measured since the mid-1990s, increased and pH decreased. The phytoplankton community appeared to respond to these changes with an overall increase in spring/summer chlorophyll concentrations, but with changes in size/species composition. The zooplankton community did not show large changes in biomass or community composition. On the other hand, for Calanus finmarchicus, which dominates the zooplankton biomass in the central basin, the timing of the appearance of young copepodites was apparently linked to temperature and the timing of the spring bloom. Warmer conditions in late winter were associated with earlier blooms and a higher abundance of young stage C. finmarchicus in late spring. Whether the observed environmental trends are the result of global warming or are part of a normal climatic cycle is unclear. Climate model predictions for the Labrador Sea region are for air and sea temperatures to rise. If this occurs, we expect to see changes in the population dynamics of this most importance component of the zooplankton community
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".