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Record W6997931048

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并支气管扩张临床相关因素的Meta分析及其病原学研究

2020· other· zh· W6997931048 on OpenAlex

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aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
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Bibliographic record

VenueLanzhou University Institutional Repository · 2020
Typeother
Languagezh
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicHuman Resources and Workforce
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsProcess (computing)Product (mathematics)Work (physics)
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

第一部分 慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并支气管扩张临床相关因素的Meta分析\n\n背景和目的:慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和支气管扩张常常共存于同一患者,并代表着一种预后更差的临床表型。然而,支气管扩张的存在对COPD患者临床相关因素的具体影响尚未得到充分评估且仍存在争议。本研究通过meta分析阐明支气管扩张的存在对COPD患者人口学特征、临床特征、实验室指标等方面的影响。\n\n方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和The Cochrane Library数据库自建库至2019年4月的相关英文文献,收集有关COPD患者合并与不合并支气管扩张的观察性研究,按照严格的纳入和排除标准筛选文献后,根据Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale(NOS)文献质量评价量表进行质量评估,并提取有效数据进行meta分析。主要结局指标包括:年龄、性别、吸烟史、体重指数(BMI)、是否咳脓痰、急性加重频率、住院频率、肺功能、炎症生物标志物、白蛋白(ALB)、潜在致病微生物(PPMs)的定植率、铜绿假单胞菌(PA)分离率和流感嗜血杆菌(HI)分离率。使用RevMan5.3系统软件进行meta分析。\n\n结果:最终有18项观察性研究符合纳入标准,其中10项为前瞻性队列研究,8项为回顾性病例对照研究。总共纳入415257例COPD患者,其中有25929例(6.24%)合并支气管扩张。所有研究的平均NOS质量评分为7.8分,被评为高质量研究。Meta分析显示:1.人口学特征:COPD合并支气管扩张患者比单纯COPD患者年龄更大[加权平均差(WMD)=0.57, 95%CI (0.45, 0.70), P&lt0.001]、BMI更低[WMD=-0.42, 95%CI (-0.73, -0.11), P=0.007]。两组患者在性别及吸烟史方面无统计学差异。2.临床特征:COPD合并支气管扩张患者比单纯COPD患者更易出现咳脓痰症状[优势比(OR)=1.80, 95%CI (1.24, 2.61), P=0.002]、急性加重频率更高[WMD=0.72, 95%CI (0.59, 0.85), P&lt0.001]、住院率更频繁[WMD=0.35, 95%CI (0.21, 0.49), P&lt0.001]、住院死亡率未增高[OR=0.83, 95%CI (0.78, 0.90), P&lt0.001]。COPD合并支气管扩张患者比单纯COPD患者的随访死亡率更高[OR=2.26, 95%CI(0.95,5.36),P=0.07],但差异无统计学意义。3.实验室指标:COPD合并支气管扩张患者比单纯COPD患者肺功能FEV1/FVC[WMD=-3.37,95%CI (-5.63, -1.11), P=0.003]和FEV1%预计值更差[WMD=-6.45, 95%CI(-10.09,-2.81), P=0.0005]、ALB水平更低[标准平均差(SMD)=-0.17, 95%CI (-0.26, -0.08),P&lt0.001]、CRP水平更高[SMD=0.40, 95%CI (0.06, 0.74),P=0.02]。在病原学方面,COPD合并支气管扩张患者有更高的PPMs慢性定植率[OR=6.65, 95%CI (4.44, 9.95), P&lt0.001]、PA分离率[OR=5.15, 95%CI (4.91, 5.41), P&lt0.001] 和HI分离率[OR=1.90, 95%CI (1.29, 2.79), P=0.001]。然而,其中对性别、吸烟史、每日咳脓痰、随访死亡率、急性加重频率、FEV1/FVC、FEV1%预计值和CRP水平的meta分析存在较大的异质性(I2&gt50%),导致结果可信度偏低。\n\n结论:支气管扩张是COPD患者中相对常见的合并症。本研究进一步证实COPD合并支气管扩张患者的营养状况更差、临床症状更严重、急性加重率更高、炎症反应更明显、肺功能更差、PPMs和铜绿假单胞菌感染更频繁。COPD合并支气管扩张可被定义为一种以支气管PPMs慢性定植和细菌感染引起的频繁发作、预后更差为特征的一种COPD的潜在临床表型。本研究结果可转化为预防策略,为早期识别和治疗干预提供机会,临床医生应在临床实践中,关注该表型可治疗的特征,以改善 COPD患者的预后。\n\n第二部分 慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并/不合并支气管扩张患者的痰培养病原菌分布及耐药性分析\n\n目的:分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并/不合并支气管扩张患者痰培养病原菌分布及抗生素耐药状况。\n\n方法:回顾分析2012年1月1日&mdash2018年12月31日我院呼吸内科收治的409例痰培养阳性的COPD患者的临床资料,根据是否合并支气管扩张,分为COPD合并支气管扩张组和单纯COPD组,分析其痰培养病原菌分布及其耐药性。\n\n结果:1.病原菌分布:119例COPD合并支气管扩张患者共分离菌株131株,其中革兰氏阴性菌119株,占90.8%,主要包括铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。革兰氏阳性菌12株,占9.2%,以金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌为主。290例单纯COPD患者共分离菌株320株,其中革兰氏阴性菌271株,占84.6%,以肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌为主。革兰氏阳性菌有49株,占15.3%,主要包括金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌。与单纯COPD患者相比,COPD合并支气管扩张患者肺炎克雷伯菌分离率更低、铜绿假单胞菌分离率更高。2.耐药性分析:主要病原菌对常见抗菌药物存在不同的耐药性,革兰氏阴性菌中肺炎克雷伯杆菌对哌拉西林耐药率最高,对其他抗菌药物的耐药率均&lt30%,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亚胺培南和美洛培南敏感铜绿假单胞菌对头孢曲松耐药性&gt50%,对其他抗菌药物耐药率均&lt30%,对复方新诺明、多黏菌素B、亚胺培南和美罗培南敏感大肠埃希菌对多数抗菌药物耐药,如对头孢唑林、头孢曲松、头孢吡肟、氨曲南、氨苄西林、哌拉西林、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、复方新诺明的耐药率均&gt50%,未发现其对阿米卡星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亚胺培南、美洛培南耐药而鲍曼不动杆菌对包括亚胺培南在内的多数抗菌药物耐药,但耐药率普遍偏低,对阿莫西林、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦敏感革兰氏阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性广泛,对青霉素、克林霉素、红霉素、氨苄西耐林药率较高&gt50%,对阿奇霉素、利奈唑胺、利福平、万古霉素、奎奴普丁/达福普丁敏感肺炎链球菌对阿奇霉素、克林霉素、红霉素、四环素、复方新诺明耐药率高达60%以上,未发现对利奈唑胺、莫西沙星、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、万古霉素、氨苄西林/舒巴坦耐药菌株。\n\n结论:COPD患者痰培养病原菌分布具有一定的特点且耐药性广泛。COPD患者与COPD合并支气管扩张患者均以革兰氏阴性菌感染为主,单纯COPD患者中排前三位的依次为肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌,COPD合并支气管扩张患者中排前三位的依次为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌。与单纯COPD患者相比,COPD合并支气管扩张患者铜绿假单胞菌分离率更高。药敏结果显示不同病原菌对常见抗菌药物存在不同的耐药性,临床医生应根据药敏结果选择合理的抗菌方案。

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.764
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0030.002
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0070.003

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.016
GPT teacher head0.218
Teacher spread0.202 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it