Canadian goldenrod residues and extracts inhibit the growth of Streptomyces scabiei, the causal agent of potato common scab
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Common scab is one of the most important diseases affecting potato crops worldwide. Using fresh residues and/or bio-products of Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) may offer an alternative to harmful conventional fumigants. In this study, we aimed to: (i) conduct a preliminary investigation of the utilization of S. canadensis to reduce common scab severity (Experiment 1), and (ii) determine the allopathic potentials of S. canadensis extracts on Streptomyces scabiei (also known as S. scabies), the most important soil pathogen responsible for causing common scab in North America (Experiment 2). Compared with control plants, preliminary results showed that adding 1.2 kg of fresh S. canadensis residue per m2 reduced scab severity by about 45% (Experiment 1). Furthermore, hexane and dichloromethane extracts of S. canadensis, at a concentration of 200 µg·mL−1, inhibited the growth of S. scabiei by about 97% (Experiment 2). These results were comparable with those using tetracycline (2.5 µg·mL−1), a known inhibitor of S. scabiei. Both experiments suggested that S. canadensis may represent a new approach for controlling potato common scab. More studies are required to better understand the mechanisms involved in S. canadensis induced reduction of common scab in order to standardize the approaches. \n \nLa gale commune est une maladie tellurique importante chez la pomme de terre et l’utilisation de résidus et/ou extraits de verge d’or du Canada (Solidago canadensis) pourrait représenter une alternative prometteuse aux pesticides (fumigants) utilisés pour combattre la maladie. Les objectifs de cette recherche étaient i) effectuer une expérience préliminaire afin de mesurer les effets de l’incorporation de résidus frais de S. canadensis sur la sévérité de la gale commune (expérience 1) et ii) déterminer les potentiels allélopathiques des extraits de S. canadensis sur Streptomyces scabiei, un important agent pathogène causant la maladie de la gale commune (expérience 2). Nos résultats préliminaires issus de l’expérience 1 montrent qu’ajouter 1.2 kg m−2 de S. canadensis (résidus frais) permet de réduire significativement de 45% la sévérité de la gale commune. Les extraits de S. canadensis effectués avec l’hexane et le dichlorométhane et à des concentrations de 200 µg mL−1 permettent d’inhiber à 97% la croissance de S. scabiei, résultats comparables à la tétracycline (2.5 µg mL−1), un antibiotique connu pour inhiber la croissance de S. scabiei. Les résultats de cette étude montrent clairement et pour une première fois le potentiel d’utilisation de S. canadensis comme moyen de lutte contre la maladie de la gale commune chez la pomme de terre. D’autres recherche seront toutefois nécessaires pour bien comprendre et cibler les mécanismes impliqués afin de standardiser et d’optimiser cette nouvelle et prometteuse approche.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".