Complexities, Contradictions, and Complications: Canadian Protestant Missionary Families, Identities, and Legacies, 1900-1960
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This dissertation investigates the lived experience of women medical missionaries. focus on three medical missionary women and their families: Retta and Omar Kilborn, Gladys and Ed Cunningham, and Florence Murray. These missionaries served in China and Korea from the early twentieth century to the mid-twentieth century. I use gender, queer, and feminist theories and methodologies in order to read letters, diaries, published articles, and newspapers. In doing so, I examine the varied ways missionary women constructed familial and kinship ties abroad. Additionally, I pay attention to women’s performances and embodiment of gender. In focusing on missionary women, I attend to the legacies of these families and how they influenced the missionary field. As such, I consider the ways age, faith, and gender intersected as missionaries entered into their mature years. In highlighting these missionaries’ lives over the duration of their careers I demonstrate the varied experiences in entering, staying, and leaving the missionary field and how their lives conformed to and/or challenged gender, family, and labour norms as representatives of Christian Canada abroad. I suggest that national narratives of Canadian work abroad, best exemplified in the legacy of doctors like Norman Bethune, obscure the more common, but equally complex and contradictory, lifestyles of everyday missionary families. This dissertation argues that attending to the personal and intimate experiences of female and male missionaries helps to reconsider the meanings imbued in Canadian missionary work and that we can reinvigorate missionary and Christian histories through attention to innovative methods and theoretical perspectives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.052 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".