“Who Shall Paint Anger?”: Emma Lyon and the Claims of Anger in Early Nineteenth-Century England
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Emma Lyon, one of the first Jewish poets in England, published a volume of poetry in 1812, Miscellaneous Poems, which provides a fine forum for understanding the subtle engagement with the passions, especially anger, negotiated by Anglo-Jewish women authors of the early nineteenth century. Lyon’s approach to anger is situated within a complicated genealogy, one which proscribes anger, especially for women, but which recognizes the authority of divine wrath and its implications in human interactions. In early nineteenth-century England, when Jewish women occupied a complicated position with respect both to men in their own community and to the wider, mainstream culture, the validity of women’s anger is marked by a remarkable ambivalence, in which self-control must often be put in the service of angry engagement. Lyon finds nuanced ways of registering and expressing anger even as she sets herself to the poetic task of addressing cultural misperceptions about Jewish anger and women’s experience.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.024 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".