Bureaucratic Ambitions and Indigenous Defendants in Nineteenth-Century Huajuapan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract As was true in many parts of Mexico, judicial prosecutions for reproductive crimes increased in the last third of the nineteenth century in the small communities of Huajuapan, Oaxaca. This article examines why community members and local officials denounced and investigated Indigenous women in these Mixtec communities for the crime of infanticide in this period. It suggests that local bureaucrats empowered by the positions, practices, and procedures of republican government engaged in the policing of the sexual and reproductive practices of women in their communities to publicize their commitment to the functioning of the modern liberal state before the audience of judicial functionaries who occupied positions above them in state government and the judiciary. Ironically, however, this effort often backfired. The Huajuapan cases show that local bureaucrats exhibited greater zeal in their intent to prosecute female community members than did judicial officers who occupied more powerful offices than they and who were further removed geographically from the small rural communities in which the cases originated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".