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A Method to Test the Ethics of Some AI Classifiers - The Example of School Dropouts Problem

2025· article· W7144060738 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Artificial Intelligence & Cloud Computing · 2025
Typearticle
Language
FieldComputer Science
TopicExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
Canadian institutionsUniversity Canada West
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCategorical variableEmulationRelation (database)Element (criminal law)Artificial neural networkTest (biology)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

If an AI artifact is an emulation of human behavior in relation to the performance of some activity and if the human being, in carrying out that activity, is required to respect a behavioral framework defined by laws, rules, regulations, procedures, best practices, etc., then the AI that emulates that human behavior is also required to respect the same behavioral framework. The idea of ethics tests is developed on this principle and, precisely on the basis of this principle, a pragmatic methodology can be developed that can test the correspondence in the observance of the artefact to the behavioral framework within which it will necessarily be placed in its operation. The approach proposed in this work allows us to offer an extremely pragmatic solution to the search for an ?ethical behavior? for AI artifacts, bypassing the difficult applicability of the complex and abstract legislation currently in force on this topic. In order to explain the applicability of this methodology to a concrete problem, this work considers the problem of school dropout as an example and describes the construction of two classifiers, one based on a neural network and one on a decision tree, able to predict the phenomenon. The application of the methodology clearly shows how the explainability offered by a symbolic system, such as a decision tree, is not applicable as an element of explainability in the behavior of a neural classifier. Keywords: Ethics Tests, Explainability, Classifications System, Bias, Categorical Polarization

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.027
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.010
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Meta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Open science, Research integrity
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.880
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0270.010
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.006
Science and technology studies0.0020.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0080.002
Research integrity0.0010.005
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.104
GPT teacher head0.392
Teacher spread0.288 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it