Gender, Visibility and Public Space in Refugee Claims on the Basis of Sexual Orientation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, many Western refugee-receiving countries have accepted that lesbians and gay men may be eligible refugee claimants through the “membership of a particular social group ” category of the Refugees Convention.2 Key receiving nations such as Germany,3 the USA,4 and Canada5 in the late 1980s and early 1990s accepted that lesbians and gay men might belong to a particular social group.6 Australia followed suit in 19947 and the UK, after many conflicting decisions, accepted eligibility only in 1999.8 In 2002, the European Parliament voted to broaden the draft European Commission Directive on the definition of a refugee to explicitly include sexual orientation, gender identity and HIV status as elements of the particular social group category.9 However, eligibility to bring a claim is only the first step in the refugee determination process. Although the definition of refugee is universal and the elements of the decisions on particular social group claims based on sexual orientation are apparently straightforward (are lesbians and gay men
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it