Bibliographic record
Abstract
Paola Catapano, a member of CERN’s Communication Group, and Mike Struik, a member of the TE Department, were invited to visit ESO’s experimental sites – the ALMA observatory and the Very Large Telescope in Paranal, Chile. Enjoy some of the beautiful images they sent to the Bulletin. Image courtesy Paola Catapano and Mike Struik. The 66 radio astronomy antennas of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observatory at 5,000 m altitude on the Chajnantor highland in Chile. The ALMA array specialises in the cold, invisible Universe, catching radiation from millimetre and submillimetre radiowaves night and day. ALMA is an international partnership between the European Southern Observatory (ESO), the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) of Japan, together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. Image courtesy Paola Catapano and Mike Struik. Sunset at ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT). Situated at an altitude of 2,600 m on the Paranal mountain, VLT is the most powerful optical telescope in the world. It consists of four 8.2 m diameter Unit Telescopes (UTs) and four 1.8 m aperture Auxiliary movable Telescopes (ATs). The UTs work either individually or in a combined mode using interferometry, while the ATs are entirely dedicated to interferometry. The Interferometer of the VLT (VLTI) is the most advanced optical interferometry facility in the world. Image courtesy Paola Catapano and Mike Struik. The Armazones peak, about 20 km from Paranal, where construction work has started on the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). Its 39-metre diameter mirror will be the largest astronomical mirror ever built. Thanks to these huge dimensions, the telescope will be able, among other things, to search for life on other planets. The drone The quadcopter that Mike Struik built and used to take these photographs is assembled from components from various manufacturers. It has a 650 mm, carbon-fibre, foldable frame, designed to fly at high altitude, with bigger propellers than usual, faster turning motors and an insulated battery. The drone was equipped with a GoPro HERO4 camera. When piloted at 5,100 m and -10 °C it flew flawlessly for about 10 minutes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".