Озонобезопасные фреоны. История легенды и простое решение

Russian Academy of Sciences has not confirmed the accuracy of Rowland-Molina hypothesis. Nonetheless, the Government of the Russian Federation took a political decision in the field of ecology by adopting a law confirming Russia's commitment to its obligations under the Montreal Protocol. This decision is critical to the power system of the country, especially in the area of economic security and safety. subject of our study is both Rowland-Molina hypothesis as the theoretical foundation for the of the Montreal Protocol adoption, and prospects of ‘ozone depleting’ freons replacing with alternative ozone-safe substances. By summarizing theoretical and practical studies, both in Russia and abroad in the 1990s-2000s, we show the Rowland-Molina hypothesis is less a scientific phenomenon and more political and economic one; it has no developed experimental basis and not identifies causal regularities. phenomenon of ozone depletion is not anthropogenic, but natural and it is well described in the framework of V. Syvorotkin’s theory (hydrogen degassing of the Earth through the rifts structures). We demonstrate scientific and technical inconsistency of the hypothesis formed the basis for the Montreal Protocol regarding the adverse effects on stratospheric ozone of man-made freons produced industrially till mid of 1980s. We have shown the restrictive measures prescribed by the provisions of the above mentioned Montreal's agreement to cease the production of these substances for refrigerators, air conditions and heat pumps, fire extinguishing equipment, as solvents, insulations, aerosols, ridged and flexible foams, etc., and their replacement by low-efficient, but ‘ozone-friendly’, quasi-analogues, have led to negative consequences for the environment, human beings, and the economy of the Member States. We propose a technically feasible and practically implemented way out for the national chemical industry to produce substances (freons) for the refrigeration industry by utilizing volcanic fumarole gases as natural row materials source if an appropriate directive and regulatory measures are introduced not contrary to the international rules of the Montreal Protocol. 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