Arab American Mental Health in the Post September 11 Era: Acculturation, Stress, and Coping
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Persons of Arab (North African/ Middle Eastern) descent have faced unique psychosocial stressors due to the socio-political backlash following the World Trade Center attacks.These are compounded by traditional acculturation challenges, leading to increased psychological distress.This study satisfies an urgent need to better understand the acculturation and mental health experiences of Arab Americans by comprehensively and rigorously investigating hypotheses introduced in the previous literature.Participants were 611 Arab Americans from 35 U.S. states who completed a secure Internet form.Variables assessed were: acculturation (Vancouver Index of Acculturation-Modified Arab Version), acculturative stress (SAFE Acculturation Stress Scale-Revised; included issues of discrimination and American foreign policy), family functioning (Family Assessment Device-General Functioning Subscale), social support (Personal Resource Questionnaire85-Revised), religious coping (Brief Arab Religious Coping Scale), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale), and a socio-demographics survey.Seven research foci were examined.First, 13 socio-demographic indexes hypothesized to relate to acculturation (including SES, generation status, length of residence in the U.S., English vs. Arabic language use, and Arabic TV viewing) were found to relate to American identity in the expected directions, while most indexes did not relate to Arab identity.Second, participants reported significantly higher anxiety and depression compared to normative samples and studies with other ethnic minority groups.Third, as hypothesized, integrated and assimilated individuals reported less stress, anxiety, and depression compared to those who were separated or marginalized.Fourth, as hypothesized, acculturation stress correlated with anxiety and depression, and both family functioning and social support related to less stress and less psychological distress.However, religious coping did not correlate with mental health.Fifth, contrary to the hypotheses, females did not demonstrate greater stress or psychological distress compared to males.Consistent with hypotheses, Christians demonstrated significantly less acculturative stress, anxiety, and depression compared to Muslims.Finally, structural equation modeling was used to develop a tenable model that explained the complex interactions among SES, acculturation, stress, mental health, and coping resources.Specific and practical recommendations are provided for clinical intervention, community programming and policy planning, and future research.vDedication This dissertation is dedicated to my family, my father mother and sisters, the coolness of my eyes.His patient and thoughtful mentorship has helped nurture and shape my interests and scholarship to what it is now.Only with his flexibility, kindness, creativity, and endless support was I able to reach this accomplishment.Special heartfelt gratitude goes to my dissertation committee members for their invaluable feedback.Thanks to Dr. Paula Dupuy for initiating an internal dialogue of cultural and personal sensitivity that struck a chord with me four years ago and has resonated throughout my work since.Dr. Funk has been my solid reference point amidst the challenges of graduate school, and I appreciate her constant and kind encouragement, consultation, and insight.I thank Dr. Peg Hull Smith for her thoughtful and challenging critiques and her enthusiasm for integrating culture in study.I am moreover appreciative of Dr. Mojisola Tiamiyu's infectious optimism and thorough critical feedback, as well as her sense of community justice, which was interwoven in the pages of this work.No amount of thanks could express what I feel for my loving family for their neverending support and prayers.My father continues to be my role model with his kindness, passion for education and scientific inquiry, and boundless motivation and focus.I am grateful for my mother's love, patience
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».