Notice bibliographique
Résumé
During the second half of 2008, worldwide stock exchanges plunged, the investment bank Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy and commodity prices collapsed. These are all signs of how the late 2000s financial crisis hit the world economy. With this hit of the world economy, global trade in goods was obviously also affected. Despite the fact that there was a seemingly unstoppable growth in global trade for many years, the late 2000s financial crisis slowed down this growth and turned it into a decline. Simply stated, a lack of consumers’ trust in the economy lead to the postponement of expenditures, resulting in a lack of businesses’ trust in the economy and the layoff of employees: a negative vicious circle. The Port of Rotterdam, Europe’s largest port in throughput of containers, cargo tonnage and transshipment, was (not surprisingly) also impacted by the crisis. From the third quarter of 2008 until the second quarter of 2009 the port reported a downfall in throughput for four quarters in a row. A clear sign of the fact that things did not went well for the port. The question is: how bad was it? Or in a more scientific form: what has been the impact of the late 2000s financial crisis on the performance of the Port of Rotterdam? This thesis tries to show the reader the impact of the crisis in the Port of Rotterdam by following a step-by-step procedure. The main idea behind this is the fact that the explanation of how the crisis impacts the port is rather complex. Within Rotterdam’s port area many different types of companies and organizations are operating and almost all of them responded in a different manner to the crisis. In order to cope with this, it is first clearly determined what we want to measure in order to be able to answer the question stated above: port performance indicators are created. Based on these measures, expectations for the port are outlined and finally, an analysis of the port’s performance will take place. In the analysis, the impact of the crisis on the added value generated by companies within the port, the number of employees working at companies within the port and the number of business establishments within the port is explained extensively. It shows the effect of the crisis and compares the effects on different industries by using input output models. In doing so it is clarified why certain sectors performed fairly well despite the fact that the crisis was present (energy companies), whilst others, such as the petroleum- and chemical industry faced heavy downfalls in added value. Where some companies had to lay off a large share of their staff due to a fall in added value, others were able to retain their employees. Furthermore, the indirect effects of the crisis in the Port of Rotterdam are discussed. These are the economic effects that are caused in other parts of the country due to the presence of the Port of Rotterdam.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Communication savante | 0,009 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,005 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,024 | 0,006 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».