Feto-Marenal Interactions – Undisputable Evidence for the Concept of Neuroimmune Biology
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Neuroimmune Biology (NIB) was conceived in 2000. At that time it was predicted that neuroimmune mechanisms play a major regulatory role in Biology. Hence the term, Neuroimmune Biology was introduced [1]. Now it is apparent that in feto-maternal interactions, which represent Reproduction Biology, the Neuroimmune Supersystem plays a fundamental role. Reproduction Biology is a perfect example for how Neuroimmune mechanisms regulate bodily functions. With the development of transplantation immunology it has been realized that the fetus is a semiallogeneic allograft as the father’s transplantation antigens are expressed in fetal tissues. According to the rules of transplantation the semiallogeneic fetus should have been rejected but fetuses survive as a rule. Pregnancy was an exception to Transplantation Immunology. Medawar predicted that neuroendocrine and immune regulatory mechanisms should be involved in the protection of the fetus [2]. First immunological tolerance has been tested as a survival mechanism for the fetus, but it could not be proven. Next the Th1-Th2 switch was examined as the possible mechanism but it was not the case either. Finally it became gradually clear that the immune system plays a very active role during gestation. It helps actively growth and development of the fetus with growth factors, cytokines and possible even classical hormones [3]. The immune system is capable of producing cytokines, chemokines and also classical hormones, which is delivered into target areas, such as the fetus [4]. Some years ago the noted Canadian scientist, Tom Wegman declared that “the fetus is bathed in cytokines”. However, the amniotic fluid contains the most prolactin in the body and is also very rich in placental lactogenic hormones [5] and steroid hormones and other mediators [6]. Clearly the amniotic fluid contains numerous important biological regulators. So, the above statement should sound like this: “the fetus is bathed in hormones, cytokines, chemokines and neuropeptides etc.”, pretty well everything what is significant in Biological regulation. These mediators act on the skin and also internally as the fetus consumes amniotic fluid continuously. Theoretically animal growth is regulated by hormones that provide the animal tissues with competence for growth. Such hormones are growth hormone, prolactin and placental lactogens, also type I (gamma c) cytokines. The next stage is progression. Insulin like growth factor (IGF-I) and some cytokines serve as progression factors [7]. Numerous other mediators regulate differentiation and function. A likely source of most of these mediators is the placenta as it transforms into an endocrine organ with the aim of protecting the fetus against maternal influences and interests [5, 6]. The mothers adaptive immune system recognizes the fetus and produces antibodies. The immune system must be activated in order for successful pregnancy to
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».