Refresher Courses for Senior Drivers in Sweden
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Functional abilities used for driving decline as we age with a potential risk increase. Experience and careful behaviour can to some extent compensate for degraded abilities. However, functional degradation can develop slowly and in disguise. Furthermore, changes in traffic and vehicle design could increase the demands on the aging driver. Thus, there is a risk for both over and under confidence in driving performance. Refresher courses for senior drivers can be a means which has been used in some countries with good results to promote a sustained or even improved safe mobility (e.g. USA and Canada). A recent evaluation of such a refresher course conducted in Norway revealed a tentative reduction in risk for participants one year after completion. Similar courses are also organised in Sweden. However, Swedish courses have never been evaluated. Thus, as a first step a survey was carried out by means of structured telephone interviews among stakeholders and organiser of refresher courses. The survey provided valuable knowledge concerning, for example, course content, organisation, and execution. The courses were in general highly appreciated. However, there were concerns regarding recruitment of participants, lack of evaluation, and a demand for more practical training and even a strong interest in driving simulators. As a second step a survey was planned and conducted among past and present course attendants. Thus, 162 course participants of which 112 were past attendees and 50 had just started the course answered two separate questionnaires (pre and post course). According to the pre-questionnaire senior drivers are quite careful drivers and specifically female drivers. However, it was also found that being able to drive was considered very important and contributes to health and well-being. Thus, refresher courses can fill a need for senior drivers and improve safe mobility. The post-questionnaire results revealed participants as eager to learn and curious. Courses, leaders and material were highly rated and their expectations were well met. However, a lack of practical training was noted. Furthermore, a majority felt they were better and safer drivers after the course even if behaviour and driving frequency was not changed. Knowledge of about 6 out of 25 course topics was improved but in general not typically manifested in perceived driving behaviour changes. It was found that course participation contributed to positive feelings in general. However, answers gave a hint that deciding when to give up driving can be a difficult task. Finally, ideas are given for further work and for improved evaluation efforts by connecting the investigation to the Goals for Driver Education framework.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,010 | 0,003 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».