Immunolocalization of CA II and H<sup>+</sup>V‐ATPase in Epithelial Cells of the Mouse and Rat Epididymis
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Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Acidification of the epididymal lumen has been suggested to play an important role in sperm functions; however, the cell types, pumps, and mechanisms involved have not been fully addressed. In this study, carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) and a 67-kd subunit of Neurospora crassa vacuolar proton adenosinetriphosphatase (H+ V-ATPase) pump were immunolocalized using light microscopy and electron microscopy (EM) in the epididymis of rats and mice. In both animals, narrow cells, identified in the initial segment and intermediate zone of the epididymis, contained numerous small vesicles in their apical region, often cup-shaped in appearance. In the mouse but not rat, these cells also possessed numerous cisternae of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting steroid synthesis; and cytoplasmic blebs of their apical cell surface, which appeared to detach, suggesting apocrine secretion. Anti-CA II antibody was immunocytochemically localized in the light microscope within narrow cells but not over any other cell types of the entire epididymis. Anti-H+ V-ATPase antibody was also localized in narrow cells of the initial segment and intermediate zone; as well as clear cells of the caput, corpus, and cauda regions. Using EM, gold particles for anti-CA II and H+ V-ATPase antibodies were noted in the apical region of narrow cells in relation to the numerous, small, cup-shaped vesicles. Although CA II was mainly located in the cytosol near these vesicles, H+ V-ATPase appeared on their delimiting membrane and on the apical plasma membrane of these cells. A similar distribution was noted for H+ V-ATPase in clear cells. The nature of the small vesicles of the apical region of narrow cells was examined with electron-dense fluid phase tracers that were introduced into the epididymal lumen. The tracers appeared within these vesicles and a few endosomes 1 hour after injection, suggesting that they contact the apical plasma membrane. Since these vesicles are also related to CA II and H+ V-ATPase, the data suggests that, as the site of proton production, the vesicles recycle to and from the apical cell surface, and in this way, deliver protons to the epididymal lumen for acidification. Clear cells and their expression of H+ V-ATPase may also serve in this function. In summary, both narrow and clear cells appear to be involved in luminal acidification, an activity that may be essential for sperm as they traverse and are stored in the epididymis.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle