Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Marjorie Castle and Ray Taras. Democracy in Poland. Second Edition. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2002. xx, 291 pp. Tables. Figures. Notes. Selected Bibliography. Index. $85.00, cloth. $30.00, paper.Democracy in Poland is more than an updated second edition of the earlier Consolidating Democracy in Poland (1995) by Ray Taras, where the author systematically applied a sophisticated conceptual crisis, choice and change framework derived from Almond, Flanagan and Mundt (1973). This conceptual and theoretical focus, for better or worse, is lacking in Democracy in Poland, which is distinguished by a clearly empiricist bent with its typical advantages and disadvantages. Unburdened by theoretical concerns, the authors provide a richly textured interpretation of Polish post-communist politics as revolving around a cultural-historical axis pitting ex-communists against ex-Solidarity opposition-in Poland conceptualized as left and right respectively. Taras and Castle, deriving their framework from Elster et al. (Institutional Design in Post-Communist Societies, 1998), recognize that this identity-based axis is dysfunctional and volatile, leading to avoidance of compromise (p. 152) and resulting in a sharp disjuncture between politics of the government and the politics of the street (p. 254). Consequently, they hope that the long-term evolution of Polish politics will be towards more interest-based cleavages, allowing for an effective representation of the material interests of the less fortunate (p. 254). This judgment, which seems to represent a consensus in the literature, is open to question as one can claim that identity-based cleavages have prevented potential anti-economic reform coalitions based on interest from coalescing in Poland and other post-communists polities. However, as a result of the book's focus on the particular, this and other conceptual and comparative issues are not addressed.The book shines in its extensive treatment of the (ex-communist) Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) and the path that led the ex-communists from roundtable talks and a near political disappearance in 1989 to their domination of the Polish political scene by the 2001 parliamentary elections. Castle and Taras provide an insightful interpretation of the SLD's success as, paradoxically, a function of a dialectical interplay between the party's vulnerabilities (liability to de-communization and relatively narrow core clientele) and assets (material and organizational) that allowed it to become a pragmatic electoral machine. The paradoxical conclusion one can derive from this interpretation is that by pushing de-communization, the Polish anti-communist right stimulated among the ex-communists a siege mentality that was essential to their unity and success. The authors consequently assert that only when the historical-cultural cleavage between former communists and former opposition becomes less relevant, the SLD may lose hold on its captive clientele (p. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,004 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,009 | 0,004 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».