Biofuel Legislation for Sustainable and Social Development: A Review
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Biofuels or energy derived from plant matter has been grabbing attention of the world due to rising oil prices and urgent need to reduce emissions. This has made biofuels a hot legislative and policy making topic for most nation states of the world. In order to ensure that socio-economic and environmental sustainability issues are taken into account during production and use of biofuels, there is a need for suitable regulatory and legal frameworks. This study looks at the development of biofuel legislation, policies and institutions in three case studies, Brazil, United States of America and Canada. As world leaders in production and consumption Brazil and the United States of America have a huge body of legislation dealing with various aspects of biofuel production and consumption. Canada on the other hand has recently begun looking at biofuels as an alternate source of energy and an industry on its own right and is in its infancy in terms of biofuel legislation. This study looks at some salient legislation and bodies which regulate biofuel in these three countries aimed at sustainable development of this sector. Interesting programs to develop cellulosic biofuels and remove the burden from food crops and environmental programs have also been mentioned. This study ends with a comparison of biofuel strategy in the three cases and recommendations for development of future biofuel legislation and regulation.All the relevant literature reviewed was from academic and technical publications – magazines and journals – regarding biofuel/bioenergy regulations and legislation. e.g. UNEP publications on bioenergy and also papers published in international and national conferences on biofuel/bioenergy law and policy were sources of relevant literature. The increased competition over agricultural crops for bioenergy purposes instead of food production has been highlighted as a concern for food security. Competition over the use of land and water resources for bioenergy production and for agricultural purposes increases pressures on these resources at a time where global water reserves are dwindling and potentially greater effect are feared on indigenous and local communities and small-holder farmers. All countries that have or are planning to develop a biofuel industry need to pay attention to these issues while forming biofuel legislation.Governments see the potential for multiple benefits from domestic biofuel production programs. In addition to invigorating rural economies and increasing energy security by reducing imported oil, efficient biofuel production could contribute to goals for reducing green house gas emissions. This would also support development of the rural economy especially small scale farms producing cellulosic feedstock.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».